Abstract
This chapter describes several popular direct volume rendering algorithms that are used in various systems for medical visualization. It discusses the ray casting algorithm, the shear warp algorithm as a special case of ray casting, splatting, and texture-based direct volume rendering. Other approaches such as cell projection methods, shell rendering, Fourier domain rendering, and dedicated hardware approaches are described briefly. All these algorithms have their advantages and disadvantages with respect to their applicability, their visual quality, and their rendering performance. One of the major advantages of direct volume rendering lies in the seamless integration in a volume visualization pipeline. This led to the situation that most viewing workstations in radiology provide direct volume rendering as major 3D visualization option, while indirect volume rendering plays only a minor role. The chapter also focuses on the important topic of the validity of visualization algorithms.
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