Chaos, solitons and fractals in hidden symmetry models

Abstract

Abstract A spontaneous symmetry breaking (or hidden symmetry) model is reduced to a system nonlinear evolution equations integrable via an appropriate change of variables, by means of the asymptotic perturbation (AP) method, based on spatio-temporal rescaling and Fourier expansion. It is demonstrated the existence of coherent solutions as well as chaotic and fractal patterns, due to the possibility of selecting appropriately some arbitrary functions. Dromion, lump, breather, instanton and ring soliton solutions are derived and the interaction between these coherent solutions are completely elastic, because they pass through each other and preserve their shapes and velocities, the only change being a phase shift. Finally, one can construct lower dimensional chaotic patterns such as chaotic–chaotic patterns, periodic–chaotic patterns, chaotic soliton and dromion patterns. In a similar way, fractal dromion and lump patterns as well as stochastic fractal excitations can appear in the solution.