Abstract
Weapons have proved to be crucial in the formation of modern States. In recent times, these weapons have become so lethal that its use needs to be regulated by the international community as well as by the national governments. International Humanitarian Law has evolved out of this necessity. In this chapter, important principles of international humanitarian law have been examined. It further examines the review mechanism established by various treaties and conventions to regulate the use of new weapons, such as biological, chemical, nuclear, laser, antipersonnel land mines, and many more. The issue of regulating autonomous weapon systems and drones is also examined in this chapter. Finally, it assesses the potential of arms race between India and Pakistan in the region and the challenge of keeping nuclear weapons out of the hands of the terrorists.
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