Changes of the fatty acid composition in smolts of masu salmon ( Oncorhynchus masou), associated with desmoltification and sea-water transfer

Abstract

1. 1. Tissue lipid compositions of desmoltified yearlings of masu salmon ( Oncorhynchus masou) obtained by keeping smoltified fish in fresh water, were examined and compared to those of smoltified fish before and after transfer to sea-water (SW). 2. 2. Lipid contents of muscle, liver, gut and gills of desmolts tended to increase compared to those of initial smolts. 3. 3. The increased proportion of triacylglycerol (TG) and decreased proportion of phospholipids (PL) characterized the tissue lipids of desmolts. 4. 4. Liver and muscle lipids showed no distinct differences both in content and proportion between initial and SW smolts, but gut and gill lipids of SW smolts decreased in content accompanied by a decrease of TG and an increase of PL in proportion. 5. 5. Excepting muscle non-polar lipids, tissue lipids of desmolts contained more mono-unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids and less polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially (n-3) PUFA such as 22:6(n-3), than those of initial and SW smolts. 6. 6. No large differences in fatty acid composition were seen between initial and SW smolts except for the gut. 7. 7. The proportion of (n-3) PUFA in the gut of SW smolts was higher than that of initial smolts. 8. 8. The results indicated that masu salmon smolts can modify their lipid metabolism to adapt to ambient salinity changes. The proportion of (n-3) PUFA particularly in polar lipids, or in osmoregulatory organs such as gut and gills, was seen to be critical in lipid types of freshwater- or sea-water-adapted fish.