Abstract
Discrimination against Asians increased after the 2019 COVID-19 outbreak. To study the current state of implicit and explicit attitudes, we used the Project Implicit Asian American IAT data from 2018 to 2021 (n = 127,239) to examine whether implicit and explicit attitudes toward Asian Americans changed before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that implicit bias toward Asians (Asian=Foreigners) persisted from 2018 to 2021, and showed an upward trend after May 2020. Explicit Asian bias fluctuated but decreased over time from 2018 to 2021. More importantly, age, race, education, state, year, and citizenship were all significant factors influencing peoples implicit and explicit attitudes toward Asian Americans. These findings inform the mechanism of attitude change, indicating the impacts of significant social events on attitude change.
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