Changes in the Size of the Human Population in Five European Union Countries with the Largest Population in Terms of Social Security

Abstract

A multidimensional comparative analysis of population changes in five European Union countries with the largest populations was conducted in the study. Mainly, two dependent variables of births and deaths dynamically have the greatest impact on the number of people. Additionally, the situation of population in European Union countries is influenced by human migration, especially in the face of the war between Russia and Ukraine. The research showed that only in France there was an increase in the number of people caused by the positive difference in births and deaths and the sum of granted asylums in respective years between 2019-2022: by 797 886 people. Decreases were observed in the remaining four countries analyzed (in Spain by 77 343, in Germany by 325 026, in Poland by 473 865, in Italy by 1 020 060 people).