Abstract
The respiratory chain of microorganisms undergoes functional changes in response to varying growth conditions, one of them being manifest in the development of cyanide-resistant respiration. The activity of cyanide-resistant oxidase is controlled by the main respiratory chain. The functioning of the cyanide resistant oxidase is directed to a futile dissipation of reducing equivalents produced in excess of those that can be oxidized by the main respiratory chain. This is connected with regeneration of the intracellular pool of NAD+ that maintains the oxidative activity of cells under conditions of a decreasing activity of the main respiratory chain. This chapter presents the results of studies on the distribution of cyanide-resistant respiration among microorganisms, the reason for its appearance, and the competitive relations between cyanide-resistant respiration and the oversynthesis of metabolites. The results of a few investigations performed on a wide spectrum of microorganisms including mycellar fungi, yeasts, streptomycetes, and bacteria, showed that cyanide-resistant respiration is widespread among microorganisms. Cyanide-resistant oxidase appears in response to a decrease in the oxidative activity of the main respiratory chain induced by changes in the physiological state of a microbial culture. There are reciprocal relations between cyanide-resistant respiration and the oversynthesis of metabolites.
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