Changes in the function of the fetoplacental complex under the influence of the hepatitis B virus

Abstract

The leading clinical syndrome in pregnant women with HBV-infection is placental dysfunction, which is due to morphological and functional changes in the placenta and manifests itself as a violation of the state of the fetus and its development. The objective: of the study was to eliminate perinatal and obstetric complications in pregnant women with HBV-infection based on the detection of echoscopic deviations of the fetoplacental complex. Materials and methods. 228 women were examined in the period of 30–34 weeks of gestation: the basic group (146 pregnant women with HBV-infection) and the control group (82 pregnant women without HBV-infection). Results. The most common symptom of ultrasound in pregnant women with hepatitis B was thickening myometrium, as changes in the thickness and structure of the placenta. It is necessary to note the presence of low attachment of the placenta in women with HBV-infection. In women of the basic group, asymmetric form of the fetal growth retardation was diagnosed in 21.23±3.38% women of the basic group, subcompensated respiratory movements – 34.93±3.95% and subcompensated fetal activity – 41.10±4.07%, as well as a violation of fetal tones – 30,14±3,80%, with a reliability of p<0.05 compared with the control group. In the presence of HBV-infection, ultrasound changes were particularly demonstrative from such indicators as premature placenta maturation to grade 1 – in 37.57±4.01%; myometrium pathology in the placental zone – 44.52±4.11%; the combination of thinning or thickening with premature ripening – 47.26±4.13%; polyhydramnios – 52.74±4.13% and oligohydramnios – 25.34±3.60% (p<0.05). Conclusion. Thus, placental dysfunction in pregnant women with HBV-infection develops under the influence of various factors, the leading of which is the virus of hepatitis B. Key words: hepatitis B, HBV-infection, pregnancy, placenta.