Abstract
A two-year greenhouse study was conducted to assess the effects of the application of I (as KIO3), Se (as Na2SeO3), and salicylic acid (SA) in nutrient solutions on the chemical composition of six lettuce cultivars, i.e., two butterhead lettuces (BUTL), “Cud Voorburgu” and “Zimująca”; two iceberg lettuces (ICEL), “Maugli” and “Królowa lata”; and two Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa L. (REDL) cultivars, “Lollorossa” and “Redin”, grown in the NFT (nutrient film technique) system. The treatments were as follows: control, I+Se, I+Se+0.1 mg SA dm−3, I+Se+1.0 mg SA dm−3, and I+Se+10.0 mg SA dm−3. KIO3 was used at a dose of 5 mg I dm−3, while Na2SeO3 was used at 0.5 mg Se dm−3. The application of I+Se was a mild abiotic stress factor for the plants of the ICEL and REDL cultivars. In contrast, I+Se did not have a negative impact on the BUTLcultivars. The application of 1.0 mg SA dm−3 improved the biomass productivity in all cultivars compared with I+Se. In the majority of the cultivars, the applied combinations of I+Se and I+Se+SA resulted in a reduction in the nitrate(V) content that was beneficial to the consumer and increased levels of sugars, phenols, phenylpropanoids, flavonols, and anthocyanins. In addition, an increase in ascorbic acid content was observed, but only in the BUTL cultivars and REDL “Redin”. The application of I, Se, and SA had upward or downward effects on the concentrations of N, K, P, Ca, Mg, S, Na, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn in the leaves.
Highlights
The last 10 years saw many studies oriented toward the biofortification of crop plants with various elements
The TI calculations showed that the introduction of I+Se into the nutrient solution wa lata”, as resulted well as REDL “Lollorossa” and “Redin”; the latter proved to be the most s in the weakening of the growth of heads of four lettuce cultivars: iceberg lettuces (ICEL) “Maugli” and “Królowa as well as1)
The study results show that the combined application of I+Se is a mild abiotic stress factor for the four tested lettuce cultivars
Summary
The last 10 years saw many studies oriented toward the biofortification (enrichment) of crop plants with various elements This is aimed at reducing the deficit of minerals in the human diet and animal feed, as this problem is widespread throughout the world [1,2]. Apart from the authors’ scientific center (citations of our own research are omitted), similar research was conducted by, for example, Zhu et al [16] on spinach and Mao et al [17] on the cultivation of wheat, maize, soybean, potato, canola, and cabbage bark. This type of research was conducted on buckwheat and pumpkin sprouts [18], pea [19], and kohlrabi sprouts [20], among others
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