Abstract
BackgroundProstatic hyperplasia (PH) is one of the most important disorders in intact dogs. In this study, we aimed to induce PH experimentally using the combination of testosterone and estrogen and evaluate important factors associated with this disease.ResultsThe results showed that in the induction group, prostate volume and prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentration increased significantly on day 21 onwards compared to those of the control group. Canine prostatic specific esterase (CPSE) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentrations increased significantly on day 42 onwards while the testosterone levels increased on day 63. In addition, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) concentration did not change significantly in the control and induction groups. Biochemistry profiles and hematologic factors were measured for monitoring the function of liver and kidney, and there were no adverse effects following the induction of PH.ConclusionsIt seems that testosterone and estrogen administration led to prostatic hyperplasia during 2 months. Investigating the size of the prostate, accompanied by prostate markers including CPSE, PSA, DHT, and testosterone, is helpful for the PH diagnosis. However, further studies should be carried out on PAP.
Highlights
Prostatic hyperplasia (PH) is one of the most important disorders in intact dogs
Clinical signs associated with PH will not develop until the enlarging prostate presses rectum and urethra and causes tenesmus or hyperplastic tissue with increased vascularity leads to hematuria
Dogs with PH tend to show higher serum Canine prostatic specific esterase (CPSE) concentrations compared with the normal dogs, the diagnostic efficacy of CPSE is restricted because its levels in dogs is affected by the prostatic carcinoma and prostatitis is not significantly different in dogs with PH
Summary
Prostatic hyperplasia (PH) is one of the most important disorders in intact dogs. Prostatic hyperplasia (PH) can only develop spontaneously in dogs and humans. It is mostly a natural consequence of aging and increasing concentrations of dihydrotestosterone, which leads to an increase in cell number (hyperplasia) and cell size (hypertrophy) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. The factors that can initiate PH and its development are testosterone (T), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), growth factors and intraprostatic estrogen. Testosterone secretion, as well as the number of receptors and the ratios of prostatic cell growth compared to the prostatic cell death, increases as time goes by. PH is a predisposing factor to prostatic inflammation [10,11,12]
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