Abstract
We investigated the relationship of changes in Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in South Korea. Records of 10,806,716 adults aged ≥ 20 years without a history of T2D between 2009 and 2015 were retrieved from database of the South Korean National Health Insurance Service and analyzed. Changes in metabolic components were monitored over a two-year period with follow-up occurring at an average of 4.087 years. During the follow-up period, 848,859 individuals were diagnosed with T2D. The risk of diabetes was lowered with a decrease in the number of MetS components at baseline and the second visit (p for trend <0.0001). Multivariable-adjusted HRs for incident diabetes were 0.645 among individuals with reduced number of MetS components, 0.54 for those with improvement in elevated fasting glucose, 0.735 for those with improvement in elevated triglycerides, 0.746 for those with improvement in elevated blood pressure, 0.763 for those with improvement in reduced HDL-cholesterol, and 0.92 for those with improvement in abdominal obesity compared with those manifesting them at both time points. In conclusion, changes in metabolic syndrome and its components were significantly associated with the development of T2D. Improvement in MetS and its components attenuated the risk of diabetes.
Highlights
We investigated the relationship of changes in Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in South Korea
For individuals with the same number of MetS components at baseline examination, Hazard ratios (HRs) for incident T2D was lower for lower numbers of MetS components at the second visit than at baseline, and vice versa, it was higher as the number increased
After adjusting for age, sex, alcohol drinking, smoking status, exercise, and Body mass index (BMI), HR for incident T2D was 0.51 for individuals with four to five MetS components at baseline and zero to one component at the second time point
Summary
We investigated the relationship of changes in Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in South Korea. Multivariable-adjusted HRs for incident diabetes were 0.645 among individuals with reduced number of MetS components, 0.54 for those with improvement in elevated fasting glucose, 0.735 for those with improvement in elevated triglycerides, 0.746 for those with improvement in elevated blood pressure, 0.763 for those with improvement in reduced HDL-cholesterol, and 0.92 for those with improvement in abdominal obesity compared with those manifesting them at both time points. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was conceptualized based on a constellation of risk factors, such as elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG), atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and abdominal obesity, in individuals susceptible to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and T2D4. The objective of this nationwide population-based cohort study was to investigate association of changes in MetS and its components with risk of T2D in South Korea
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