Changes in Lipid Profile of Keratinocytes from Rat Skin Exposed to Chronic UVA or UVB Radiation and Topical Application of Cannabidiol.

Wojciech Łuczaj,Maria Do Rosário Domingues,Elżbieta Skrzydlewska,Pedro Domingues

doi:10.3390/antiox9121178

Wojciech Łuczaj, Maria Do Rosário Domingues + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9121178

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Abstract

UV radiation is a well-established environmental risk factor known to cause oxidative stress and disrupt the metabolism of keratinocyte phospholipids. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, we examined changes in the keratinocyte phospholipid profile from nude rat skin exposed to UVA and UVB radiation that was also treated topically with CBD. UVA and UVB radiation promoted up-regulation of phosphatidylcholines (PC), lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) and down-regulation of sphingomyelin (SM) levels and enhanced the activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and sphingomyelinase (SMase). Application of CBD to the skin of control rats led to down-regulation of SM and up-regulation of SMase activity. After CBD treatment of rats irradiated with UVA or UVB, SM was up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively, while ceramide (CER) levels and SMase activity were down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively. CBD applied to the skin of UV-irradiated rats down-regulated LPC, up-regulated PE and phosphatidylserines (PS) and reduced PLA2 activity. In conclusion, up-regulation of PS may suggest that CBD inhibits their oxidative modification, while changes in the content of PE and SM may indicate a role of CBD in promoting autophagy and improving the status of the transepidermal barrier.

Highlights

UV radiations are one of the main environmental factors that cause damage to skin cells [1,2]
Our results showed that while LPCs were up-regulated in keratinocytes from the skin of rats irradiated with UVA/UVB, topical application of CBD on the skin of these rats led to a significant down-regulation in these lysophospholipids, compared with UV treated cell
The significant increase observed in this study of the relative content of LPC in the keratinocytes of the two groups of rats treated with different types of UV radiation (UVA or UVB), indicates an inflammatory process induced by the radiation

Summary

Introduction

UV radiations are one of the main environmental factors that cause damage to skin cells [1,2]. UV rays reaching the earth’s surface contain two types of UVB (280–320 nm) and UVA (320–400 nm) radiation, which are characterized by different energy and penetrating capacity, and lead to various changes in the metabolism of phospholipids and ceramides (CERs) of keratinocytes [3]. These metabolic disorders are still under investigation and include changes in the composition of phospholipids, as well as the metabolic consequences of these changes. It should be emphasized that long-term skin irradiation with UV rays usually induces metabolic changes in pathological cells, e.g., in psoriatic plaques, it may lead to inflammation and redox imbalance in normal cells surrounding skin lesions [7]

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