Changes in Groundwater Levels and its Salinity (Badra Basin Iraq)

Abstract

A fact that human-induced greenhouse gas emissions have led to an increased frequency and/or intensity of some weather and climate extremes since pre-industrial time, in particular for temperature extremes which affected lots of regions by reducing precipitations. Accordingly, this reduction causes a lowering of groundwater levels which was adopted as a goal of this study and its effects on quality of it. The study area is Badra - Jassan basin located to the north of Kut city, the center of Wasit governorate, and bordered by the international boundary with Iran from the east and northern east covering an area of about (1020) Km2. Badra - Jassan basin is an important hydrogeological basin in which groundwater can be used for agricultural purposes; especially with decreasing surface water supply. The research studied a predictive mathematical model of groundwater by ten wells distributed randomly within the boundaries of the study area; all of them fall within the unconfined aquifer the mathematical model for the study area has been developed using the Geographic Information System (GIS) software. The Groundwater level map for the ten existing wells was drawn from data in (2021) and a comparison with else published in (2002) for the study area. Likewise, the salinity concentration map variations for the same periods were estimated. The present study showed a decline in groundwater levels which conjunction with an Increasing in the range and value of groundwater salinity concentrations.