Abstract
A commercial calcium bentonite (CaB) taken from Kutahya, Turkey, was activated with H2SO4 by wet method at 97 o C for 6h. The H2SO4% by mass was changed from zero to 70 in the dry bentonite-acid mixture. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the crystallinity of calcium smectite (CaS) in the CaB with the 65% by mass decreases greatly by the acid activation. Dehydration mechanism of the CaS changes by the activation. Maximum rate temperatures for dehydroxylation and decrystallization of the CaS decrease depending on the decreasing of the crystallinity. The specific surface area (S) obtained from the nitrogen adsorption data with the different methods were compared and discussed according to the H2SO4%. The arithmetic average of the specific surface areas, , increases from 44m 2 g -1 to its maximum value of 136m 2 g -1 by the activation at 40% H2SO4 and then reaches to 73m 2 g -1 at 70% H2SO4.
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