Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate body mass changes and urine biomarker responses during a Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR) military exercise performed in a tropical region. Ten urinary biomarkers were analyzed via dipstick urinalysis to assess the physiological strain and the potential health risks associated with this exercise. Body mass and urine samples were obtained from 151 male cadets ([21.3 ± 1.6] year-old; height [177.2 ± 4.1] cm) before and after completing the efforts of a CSAR exercise that lasted approximately 10 hour (h). Body mass significantly decreased (p < 0.05) by more than 3% immediately post-exercise (from [75.0 ± 9.85] kg to [72.6 ± 9.6] kg), returning to pre-exercise levels within 14 and 38 h after the complen. Interestingly, urine specific gravity (USG) paralleled the changes in body mass and exhibited a significant increase immediately after the exercise. Similar patterns of significant alterations were observed in urine acidity, ketonuria, bilirubinuria, and hematuria, mirroring the time course of changes in USG. The other evaluated urine variables did not show significant changes. The reduction in body mass was significantly correlated with changes in USG, ketonuria, bilirubinuria and proteinuria after the military exercise. In summary, cadets engaged in the CSAR military exercise experienced physiologically meaningful dehydration and exhibited indirect markers of cell damage immediately after the exercise. However, these changes were spontaneously resolved within 14 h post-task. Monitoring selected non-invasive biomarkers could aid in managing performance and health risks during arduous military training.
Published Version
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