Abstract
BackgroundIn this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of the duodenal mucosal microbiota of patients with intestinal metaplasia (IM) and compare it with those of the gastric mucosal microbiota.MethodWe collected the duodenal and gastric mucosal samples from 10 adult patients with IM and 10 healthy controls (HC). The V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was examined by high throughput sequencing method.ResultsThe diversity of the HC duodenal microbiota was higher than that of IM patient based on the Shannon and Simpson index while the Chao indices of IM duodenal mucosal microbiota was significantly higher than that of gastric mucosal microbiota of patients with IM. There was a marked difference in the duodenal microbiota structure between patients with IM and HC (ANOSIM, R = 1, P = 0.001). We also found that the Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric mucosa did not influence the structure of duodenal mucosal microbiota. The gastric mucosal microbiota structure significantly differed between patients with IM and HC who were H. pylori-negative (ANOSIM, R = 0.452, P = 0.042) or H. pylori-positive (ANOSIM, R = 0.548, P = 0.003), respectively. For duodenal mucosal microbiota, genera Lactococcus, Flavobacterium, Psychrobacter, Mysroides, Enhydrobacter, Streptococcus, and Leuconostoc were enriched in patients with IM. In contrast, genera Bacillus, Solibacillus, Lysinibacillus, Exiguobacterium, Oceanobacillus, and Paenibacillus were enriched in HC.ConclusionA marked dysbiosis duodenal mucosal microbiota in patients with IM was observed, and this dysbiosis might be responsible for IM pathogenesis.
Highlights
In this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of the duodenal mucosal microbiota of patients with intestinal metaplasia (IM) and compare it with those of the gastric mucosal microbiota
Gastric carcinogenesis has been hypothesized as a multistep process comprising superficial gastritis (SG), chronic gastritis, atrophic gastritis (AG), intestinal metaplasia (IM), dysplasia, and carcinoma [2]
We found that the gastric mucosal microbiota of healthy controls (HC) was similar to their duodenal mucosal microbiota
Summary
We aimed to investigate the characteristics of the duodenal mucosal microbiota of patients with intestinal metaplasia (IM) and compare it with those of the gastric mucosal microbiota. Gastric cancer (GC) has been reported as the fourth most common malignancy and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. It has a high incidence in East Asia, Eastern Europe, and Central and South America [1]. Recent studies show that microbial changes are related to the histological stages of gastric tumorigenesis. Chronic H. pylori infection can cause mucosal inflammation and induce histological change. It is recognized as a major risk factor for GC.
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