Abstract
Demographic changes, primarily the problem of progressive ageing, are one of the key challenges to development in Poland. The Opolskie voivodeship belongs to the regions characterised by extremely unfavourable demographic phenomena. This is because some population changes here have a broader dimension than on average in Poland and in the EU. Thereby, they have far-reaching as well as complex economic and social consequences in the region. Due to the fact that demographic processes are determined in the long term, and it is extremely difficult to influence them in the short term, the adaptation of social and economic spheres and, at the same time, the use of specific opportunities resulting from these changes, seems a useful strategy for regional development policy. Therefore, in the context of senioral policy, complex, coherent and diversified activities in the sphere of growth of professional activity of elderly people, support for life-long learning, improvement of seniors’ living conditions, including the development of health infrastructure, and seniors’ integration in society prove to be necessary. The multidimensional concept of the ‘silver economy’ creates specific opportunities for using the possibilities resulting from population ageing, and minimising the unfavourable consequences of this process, in the Opolskie voivodeship. However, the implementation of this concept demands the consideration of several determinants and barriers, that consequently affect its effective functioning. The direct objective of the paper is to present the current and projected demographic situation of Opolskie voivodeship, and on its basis, to determine the challenges resulting from the ageing of society for regional development.
Highlights
At the turn of the millennium, in Europe, there were more people aged over 60 years than people aged under 15 [1]
Desk research—a secondary data analysis—was considered useful by the authors in order to establish a theoretical framework of the situation, perspectives, and challenges of regional development in the context of population ageing, to present the silver economy approach, and to discuss the quality of life among elderly people in the region
The aim of the article was to show the current and projected demographic situation of the Opolskie voivodeship, in particular the changes leading to aging at the regional scale
Summary
At the turn of the millennium, in Europe, there were more people aged over 60 years than people aged under 15 [1]. Due to the demographic aging in European states, it is important to monitor life expectancy changes and investigate the determinants that affect them. Progressing demographic changes, increasing life expectancy, and growth of the share of elderly people in the total population (Table 1) force the necessity to change the way of thinking about the needs of an ageing society. It is observed that people live much longer and are generally healthier, whereas serious health problems occur in old age [2]. This should provoke political decision-makers to implement actions for the activation of elderly people, and to notice the specific consumers of various public services in them [5,6]
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