Abstract
Work related musculosceletal disorders, WMD, are the most common among the work related diseases, especially cervical and lumbal syndrome. Positions of the body during the working process, repetitive movements, static and dynamic burdening of muscles, physical strain, mechanical pressure at various parts of the body, exposure to vibrations, unfavorable working conditions (low temperature), monotony, psychosocial factors at work, fatigue, small pause between activities and prolonged working are provocating factors for occurrence of WMD. Women are a particularly risky group for musculosceletal disorders because of their constitution and family obligations. The aim of this work is to present the profile of female workers who were diagnosed cervical and lumbal syndrome, related to occupation, activities and clinical appearance. Material and methods: We have analyzed ambulance expertise from the Institute in one year period of female workers with diagnosed cervical and lumbal syndrome (we have included MKB10 codes from M47 to M54) related to age, years of working, working place, activities and clinical appearance. For statistical analysis we used SPSS program. Results: In the observed period 79 female workers were diagnosed cervical and lumbal syndrome, average age 46.56±5.55 years, total years of working 22.48±6.33 years. One quarter of them were health workers, 24.1% (19), 22.8% (18) were cleaning staff, and in the third place were administrative workers 17.72% (14). Related to sphere of action 31.6% (25) were working in health institutions, then in administrative institutions 19% (15) and in the machine industry 8,9% (7). Half of them had both syndromes 51.9% (41), lumbal syndrome had 17.8% (22) and cervical syndrome was found in 20.3% (16). Neurological examination found lumbal radioculopathy in 25.3% (25) female workers, cervical and lumbal radioculopathy were found in 2.5% (2), in one person we established paresis of the leg nerv and in one person cervical radioculopathy was found. Without neurological sorties were 69.6% (55) female workers. EMNG - phy confirmed diagnoses of radioculopathy in 17.7% (14) female workers and MRI showed protrusions of i.v. disk in lumbal region in 5 workers and one in cervical region. Conclusion: This analysis showed that female workers in health institutions and cleaning staff have often complaints on cervical and lumbal syndrome. We can explain that with demands of working place and various positions of body during the working time. Many studies in the world state that there is high risk for cervical and lumbal syndrome among the female health workers because of the demands of the working place, nursing immobile persons, forced positions, exertions, quick movements and prolongued working time. For prevention of WMD we need to make adequate risk assessment at the working place and then make suggestions for ergonomic solutions and evaluate effects of these propositions.
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