Abstract
Our goals of this study are to better understand the causes of cervical cancer in Haiti and the reasons for the screening failure. This study will help us understand the cervical cancer prevalence during the study period to determine if it is a public health emergency and to generate recommendations for a possible screening strategy in Haiti. This is a descriptive, multicentric, and retrospective study of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions from January 2013 to December 2015. We collected data by direct consultation of various files and/or registers from the archives of the various laboratories for the study period. Data are aggregated into four categories: (1) the sample size includes all women who have had a cervical biopsy (single biopsy, endocervical curettage, staged biopsy, exeresis biopsy); (2) the demographic indicators include average age and parity; (3) the classification of cervical lesions; and (4) the histological variants of cancers. This study excludes all cases of dysplasia or cancers diagnosed on conization specimen, hysterectomy, or LEEP or inflammatory cases. After careful analysis of the data, we have seen that cervical biopsies account for almost 25% of all specimens received. The age of predilection of cancers is between 50 and 60 years, and 61% of women with a high-grade lesion have a parity greater than 4. The frequency of cervical lesions is 43% for low-grade lesions, 20% for high-grade lesions, and 16% for invasive cancers. The most common type of cancer is squamous cell carcinoma. Our study found that cervical cancer is more than just a problem; it is now a public health emergency in Haiti. Of every 100 cervical biopsies examined, 16 had invasive cancer. In view of the importance and impact of this disease, the fight against cervical cancer should be the priorities of Haiti’s health policy.
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