Abstract
Introduction. Neurosurgery trainees are finding it increasingly difficult to obtain operative experience as the main surgeon in aneurysm procedure. Good quality cadaver dissection opportunities are also not widely available for neurosurgery residents. Simulation is emerging as a useful training aid for neurosurgery. Surgical treatment of cerebral aneurysms requires specialized skills development and proficient use of microsurgical instruments. Furthermore, any advance in neurosurgical training methods is of potential value to both neurosurgeons and patients.The study objective is to introduce a 3D aneurysm clipping training model to enhance skill acquisition and development.Materials and methods. The brain model is made using a 3D printed resin mold. The mold is filled with silicone Ecoflex 00–10 and mix with Silc Pig pigment additives to replicate the color and consistency of brain tissue. Dura is made from quick drying silicone paste with grey dye. The blood vessels are made from a silicone 3D printed mold of a magnetic resonance angiography. Liquid with paprika oleoresin (E160c) dye is used to simulate blood and is pumped through the vessels to simulate pulsatile motion.Results and conclusion. These models offer an alternative method to train residents and preoperative planning. They are affordable and easy to recreate and hence can standardize training in multiple centers. With advancing technology, 3D technology is becoming an import part of medical education.
Highlights
Neurosurgery trainees are finding it increasingly difficult to obtain operative experience as the main surgeon in aneurysm procedure
Microsurgical clipping is the standard technique for cerebral aneurysm surgery, and a suitable operative plan is the key for a successful operation [2, 3]
After the dura mater is opened, and the Sylvian fissure split, the middle cerebral artery aneurysm dome can be appreciated
Summary
Neurosurgery trainees are finding it increasingly difficult to obtain operative experience as the main surgeon in aneurysm procedure. These models offer an alternative method to train residents and preoperative planning. The development of three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies provides a new method for surgical treatment of aneurysm. This technology has been widely used in oral surgery and orthopedics [4], but currently there are few reports on its application in the treatment of aneurysm. We designed a method for developing a three-dimensional hollow and low-cost elastic aneurysm model, useful for surgical simulation and training. We explain the hollow elastic model with pulsatile blood flow and report on the effects of applying it to presurgical simulation and surgical training.
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