Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Combined with Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Several cases of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) due to spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) have been reported, with an estimated occurrence rate of 1–2% among patients with decreased intracranial pressure. However, the causal relationship between SIH and CVT as a potential risk factor is not well understood. According to the Monro-Kellie principle, this is thought to be caused by compensatory expansion of the cerebral venous system, damage to the intravenous wall due to changes in cerebral buoyancy, or increased venous blood viscosity. Although anticoagulation therapy is typically the first choice of treatment for patients diagnosed with CVT, considering the potential risk of intracerebral hemorrhage in patients with CVT secondary to SIH is important. We report the case of a patient who developed CVT as a complication of SIH and discuss its mechanisms and treatment options. Early identification and appropriate treatment can lead to successful outcomes and the prevention of potential complications.