Ceramic-Based Piezoelectric Material for Energy Harvesting Using Hybrid Excitation.

Bartłomiej Ambrożkiewicz,Paweł Stączek,Łukasz Grabowski,Grzegorz Litak,Paweł Karpiński,Zbigniew Czyż

doi:10.3390/ma14195816

Bartłomiej Ambrożkiewicz, Paweł Stączek + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14195816

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Journal: Materials	Publication Date: Oct 5, 2021
Citations: 13	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Lublin University of Technology

Abstract

This paper analyzes the energy efficiency of a Micro Fiber Composite (MFC) piezoelectric system. It is based on a smart Lead Zirconate Titanate material that consists of a monolithic PZT (piezoelectric ceramic) wafer, which is a ceramic-based piezoelectric material. An experimental test rig consisting of a wind tunnel and a developed measurement system was used to conduct the experiment. The developed test rig allowed changing the air velocity around the tested bluff body and the frequency of forced vibrations as well as recording the output voltage signal and linear acceleration of the tested object. The mechanical vibrations and the air flow were used to find the optimal performance of the piezoelectric energy harvesting system. The performance of the proposed piezoelectric wind energy harvester was tested for the same design, but of different masses. The geometry of the hybrid bluff body is a combination of cuboid and cylindrical shapes. The results of testing five bluff bodies for a range of wind tunnel air flow velocities from 4 to 15 m/s with additional vibration excitation frequencies from 0 to 10 Hz are presented. The conducted tests revealed the areas of the highest voltage output under specific excitation conditions that enable supplying low-power sensors with harvested energy.

Highlights

Energy Harvesting (EH) is a very wide field of science that consists of energy conversion from the external environment [1,2], and its concepts gain popularity in real applications [3,4]
The authors of this paper propose the modified geometry of a bluff body, whose cross-section changes over its length from a circle to a square
The aim of the research was the evaluation of voltage efficiency of the proposed energy harvesting system under the hybrid excitation induced by variable wind-flow velocity and external sinusoidal excitation

Summary

Introduction

Energy Harvesting (EH) is a very wide field of science that consists of energy conversion from the external environment [1,2], and its concepts gain popularity in real applications [3,4]. Different frequency components acting on the system are observed at the spectra as other peaks or super- or sub-harmonics [11,12]. Another challenge is to find the optimal operating conditions coming from multiple excitations and control them to achieve the longest possible lifetime of the EH system. The analysis of hybrid excitation has attracted the attention of several researchers [13,14,15,16,17] Following this trend, an original concept of the hybrid energy harvesting system based on the piezoelectric effect was proposed. For the analysis of system performance, wind energy, and mechanical vibrations were applied to find the most desirable conditions of excitation (air flow velocity and excitation frequency) and the optimal design (few masses were considered)

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