Abstract
Independently, prolonged uninterrupted sitting and the consumption of a meal high in saturated fats acutely disrupt normal cardiovascular function. Currently, the acute effects of these behaviors performed in combination on arterial stiffness, a marker of cardiovascular health, are unknown. This study sought to determine the effect of consuming a high-fat meal (Δ = 51 g fat) in conjunction with prolonged uninterrupted sitting (180 min) on measures of central and peripheral arterial stiffness. Using a randomized crossover design, 13 young healthy males consumed a high-fat (61 g) or low-fat (10 g) meal before 180 min of uninterrupted sitting. Carotid-femoral (cf) and femoral-ankle (fa) pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic-femoral stiffness gradient (af-SG), superficial femoral PWV beta (β), and oscillometric pulse wave analysis outcomes were assessed pre and post sitting. cfPWV increased significantly more following the high-fat (mean difference [MD] = 0.59 m·s−1) meal than following the low-fat (MD = 0.2 m·s−1) meal, with no change in faPWV in either condition. The af-SG significantly decreased (worsened) (ηp2 = 0.569) over time in the high- and low-fat conditions (ratio = 0.1 and 0.1, respectively). Superficial femoral PWVβ significantly increased over time in the high- and low-fat conditions (ηp2 = 0.321; 0.8 and 0.4 m·s−1, respectively). Triglycerides increased over time in the high-fat trial only (ηp2 = 0.761). There were no significant changes in blood pressure. Consuming a high-fat meal prior to 180 min of uninterrupted sitting augments markers of cardiovascular disease risk more than consuming a low-fat meal prior to sitting.
Highlights
Epidemiological data suggest that prolonged sitting time [1] and the consumption of meals high in saturated fats [2] are behaviors that independently increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk [3]
There was a significant main effect of time for the high-fat condition, with the triglyceride concentration significantly increasing from pre to post 120 min (MD = 55, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 18–91 mg/dL, Cohen’s d = 1.85) and 170 min (MD = 65, 95% CI = 11–120 mg/ dL, Cohen’s d = 1.52)
Calf circumference increased over time in both low-fat (MD = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.94–1.89 cm) and high-fat (MD = 1.66, 95% CI = 0.18–2.06 cm) conditions, indicating similar effects on blood pooling
Summary
Epidemiological data suggest that prolonged sitting time [1] and the consumption of meals high in saturated fats [2] are behaviors that independently increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk [3]. Central and peripheral arterial stiffness responses to uninterrupted prolonged sitting combined with a These findings support the implementation of physical activity interventions to attenuate the deleterious effects of sitting, the study had no low-fat “control group.”. It is unclear whether the impaired arterial health was a result of predominantly the high-fat meal, the prolonged sitting period, or a consequence of performing these behaviors in combination. The aims were to determine the effects of a high-fat meal vs those of a low-fat meal in conjunction with prolonged sitting on (1) central and peripheral PWV, (2) the novel aorticfemoral stiffness gradient (af-SG), and (3) local femoral artery blood flow and stiffness measures
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