Abstract
In 1925 the Nobel Prize in Physicswas awarded jointly to James Franck(1882–1964) and Gustav L. Hertz(1887–1975) “for their discovery ofthe laws governing the impact of anelectron upon an atom” [1]. Theyconducted an ingenious set of exper-iments in 1913 and 1914 in whichthey measured the ionization po-tential of different gases [2]; stud-ied collisions between gas moleculesand slow electrons [3]; developed atheory of ionization by collision [4];determined the ionization potentialof mercury vapor with the methodof electron collision [5]; and car-ried out spectroscopic experimentswith mercury vapor which yieldedthe spectral line 253.6
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