Abstract
This chapter describes a review of the design and formulation of various cementitious grouts for semi-flexible pavement surfaces. Additionally, the authors also conducted extensive experimental work on the possibility of using a most effective and innovative way of recycling waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by exposing to gamma radiation and using as a replacement of Ordinary portland cement in the formulation of cement grouts for semi-flexible pavement surfaces. In the current study, cement in the grouts was replaced with PET (regular and irradiated), fly ash and silica fume and was evaluated for flowability and strength properties. The study concludes that normal PET causes a significant reduction in compressive strength, however, some of the strength is restored when irradiated PET was used. The recycling of waste PET, as a cement replacement in the cementitious grouts for semi-flexible pavement surfaces, with the irradiation process can be doubled as compared to utilizing normal/regular PET.
Highlights
Pavements are classified into two types: flexible pavements and rigid pavements
In case if air voids are less than 25%, the mixture may not have interconnected voids and would be difficult for the cement grout to penetrate through the depth of open-graded asphalt mixture (OGAM) [39]
The flowability/fluidity is measured by flow-cone apparatus in which the desired quantity of grout is poured and the flow-out time of grout from the flow-cone is measured in seconds
Summary
Pavements are classified into two types: flexible pavements and rigid pavements. Conventional flexible pavements are constructed from bituminous materials and are widely used as a highway, expressway/freeway, and airport pavements due to their satisfactory performance against distresses and better riding quality, good serviceability, high skid resistance, low cost and easy maintenance [1–3]. Due to recent exponential increase in traffic load and extreme adverse environmental conditions, the flexible pavements are exposed to many distresses (such as rutting, cracking, corrugation, shoving, stripping etc.) which can badly affect its service life and performance [4, 5]. Rigid pavements have better durability, high compressive strength but have some disadvantages such as; provision of joints, rough-riding quality, slow setting time, high susceptibility to thermal stresses, high initial cost and maintenance efforts, cannot be ignored [6–8]. Taking into consideration the disadvantages of both flexible and rigid pavements there was a need for an alternative pavement
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