Abstract
This work deals with hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC)/barium titanate (BT) composites, having small levels of perovskite-like BT loading, i.e. 0.5–2% and being designed for electric energy storage applications. The films were obtained by solution “casting method and their structural properties were confirmed by FTIR. Scanning Electron Microscopy scans reveal that ceramic filler is well and uniformly dispersed within the cellulosic matrix. UV–VIS spectroscopy data indicate a slight increase of the absorption and the decrease of optical band gap from 5.71 eV for the HPC matrix (0% BT) to 5.20 for the sample containing 2% BT. According to refractometry analyses, the presence of BT particles determines an increase in sample polarizability, reflected in a higher refractive index, namely 1.533 and 1.605 at 486 nm for 0% BT and 2% BT samples, respectively. The values of the dispersion energy and single-oscillator energy are decreasing after filling HPC with BT, whereas first/third order optical susceptibilities and nonlinear refractive index are increasing. Mechanical tests show that incorporation of BT particles increase the value of Young modulus from 239 MPa for pure HPC to 342 MPa for 2% BT in the matrix. Dielectric studies prove that the samples exhibit a significant change in the real part of the permittivity with filler loading, ranging from 4.2 for neat HPC up to 8.5 for HPC/BT 2%.
Highlights
In the global context of resource lessening, energy increasing demands and planet pollution, the topics of polymer science are more and more concerned with replacing parts of high-tech products with others that are striving to match the demands of low-carbon society (Zhang et al, 2019).in order to alleviate the environmental burden, it is imperative to develop biodegradable, less toxic and advanced materials for many technical areas, like high power electronics and energy storage
hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was used as matrix for the preparation of organic-inorganic composites of different Barium titanate (BT)
At 1 kHz and 2% BT in HPC, the prepared composites have slightly smaller values for ε' and ε'' than those found in literature for polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/BT (Beena & Jayanna, 2019), polypyrrole/BT (Ahmed et al, 2018), while the permittivity of our samples is higher than that reported for polypropylene/BT (Yao et al, 2018) and polyethylene oxide/carboxymethyl cellulose (PEO/CMC)/BT
Summary
In the global context of resource lessening, energy increasing demands and planet pollution, the topics of polymer science are more and more concerned with replacing parts of high-tech products with others that are striving to match the demands of low-carbon society (Zhang et al, 2019). Most reported studies are focused on structural, morphological, thermal and dielectric properties of BT-polymer composites and very few address aspects related to their optical properties (Mimura et al, 2010; Nagao et al, 2011; Morsi et al, 2019). This is probably because, at high BT loadings, the transparency of the material is compromised and limits the possibility of material investigation. Energy density evaluations reveal similar values to those reported for polyimide/BT composites (Yue et al., 2019)
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