Celiac disease presenting as hemorrhagic shock: a rare complication.

Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder triggered by ingested gluten in patients with genetic susceptibility, with rising incidence in adults. In this population, symptoms can be atypical. We report the case of a 71-year-old woman that presented with coagulopathy due to severe vitamin K deficiency and hemorrhagic shock, as well as cholestatic hepatitis and chronic diarrhea. Serological studies were negative for CD, but a biopsy demonstrated duodenal atrophy and HLA typing was positive for DQ2.5, pointing to this diagnosis. The patient responded favorably to a gluten free diet. This case highlights the challenge in diagnosing CD in elderly patients due to its unusual manifestations, which can range from mild and unspecific to potentially life-threatening. The exclusion of other causes of duodenal atrophy is key in establishing the diagnosis, especially in seronegative cases, permitting the establishment of an adequate therapy and follow-up strategy.