Abstract
Background: Although early-stage lung cancer has increased owing to the introduction of screening programs, high recurrence rate remains a critical concern. We aimed to explore biomarkers related to the prognosis of surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: In this retrospective study, we collected medical records of patients with NSCLC and matched tissue microarray blocks from surgical specimens. Semiquantitative immunohistochemistry was performed for measuring the expression level of fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP-α), Jagged-1 (JAG1), and CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1). Results: A total of 453 patients who underwent complete resection between January 2011 and February 2012 were enrolled; 55.2% patients had stage I NSCLC, and 31.1% presented squamous cell carcinoma. Disease stage was a significant risk factor for recurrence and death, and age ≥ 65 years and male sex were associated with poor overall survival. FAP-a and JaG1 were not related to survivals, while CDCP1-expressing patients exhibited poor disease-free and overall survival. Moreover, CDCP1 expression in stage I NSCLC was significantly associated with recurrence. Conclusions: Old age, male sex, and high pathological stage were poor prognostic factors in patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection. Furthermore, CDCP1 expression could serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis in stage I NSCLC.
Highlights
Asan Medical Center, Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; Asan Medical Center, Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Abstract: Background: early-stage lung cancer has increased owing to the introduction of screening programs, high recurrence rate remains a critical concern
We determined that age greater than 65 years, male sex, and high pathological stage were significant indicators of poor prognosis in terms of recurrence and death in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent surgical resection
CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) expression was associated with poor DFS and overall survival (OS); the association was not statistically significant according to Cox multivariate analysis
Summary
Disease stage was a significant risk factor for recurrence and death, and age ≥ 65 years and male sex were associated with poor overall survival. Conclusions: Old age, male sex, and high pathological stage were poor prognostic factors in patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection. Among all lung cancer cases, approximately 85% in Korea and 80% worldwide were confirmed to be non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [2]. These patients face a poor prognosis and low. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography in a high-risk group was recently reported to significantly lower the lung cancer mortality rate [5]; approximately 30% of patients are diagnosed at the unresectable stage despite screening [6].
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