Abstract
To investigate the expression of CD44v3 and vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and their relationship with lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the uterine cervix. Expression of CD44v3 and VEGF-C was analyzed in 109 cases of cervical SCC by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relationship was analyzed between expression and the patient age, histological differentiation, formation of tumor emboli in lymphoid vessels, lymph node metastasis, FIGO staging, and TNM classification. Expression rates for both CD44v3 and VEGF-C were 43.1% in cervical SCC. The cells with positive immunohistochemical staining of CD44v3 were distributed mainly around the keratin pearls in well differentiated carcinomas, but distributed diffusely in the moderately and poorly differentiated lesions. VEGF-C was found stained positively in most of the tumor cells. There were differences in expression between normal epithelium and atypical hyperplasia as well as carcinoma. Both CD44v3 and VEGF-C were found to be associated positively with lymph node metastasis and TNM classification (both p=0.000). Neither CD44v3 nor VEGF-C was found to be associated with patient age, histological differentiation, formation of tumor emboli in lymphoid vessels and FIGO staging. CD44v3 was found to be associated with VEGF-C positively (p=0.000). Abnormal expression of CD44v3 and VEGF-C is associated closely with the lymph node metastasis in cervical SCC, and these agents may cooperate in carcinogenesis and development of metastatic lesions.
Highlights
Though the cancer death rate of cervical carcinoma decreased because of attractive improvements in early diagnosis and treatment over the past 20 years, cervical carcinoma continues to be one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths in women (Jemal et al, 2010)
CD44v3 immunoreactivity was found in the basal and basolateral layer cells of epithelium in the squamous epithelium adjacent to carcinoma, which was similar to the distribution in well differentiated carcinoma
We found that immunostaining for CD44v3 was positive in the atypical hyperplasia of squamous epitheliums beside carcinoma, which was similar to the CD44v3 expression in a premalignant lesion of oral epithelium (Li et al, 2009) and the esophagus the esophagus (Roye et al, 1996)
Summary
Though the cancer death rate of cervical carcinoma decreased because of attractive improvements in early diagnosis and treatment over the past 20 years, cervical carcinoma continues to be one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths in women (Jemal et al, 2010). The relationship was analyzed between the expression and the patients’ age, histological differentiation, formation of tumor embolus in lymphoid vessels, lymph node metastasis, FIGO staging, and TNM classification. To investigate the expression of CD44v3 and vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and their relationship with lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the uterine cervix. The relationship was analyzed between expression and the patient age, histological differentiation, formation of tumor emboli in lymphoid vessels, lymph node metastasis, FIGO staging, and TNM classification. There were differences in expression between normal epithelium and atypical hyperplasia as well as carcinoma Both CD44v3 and VEGF-C were found to be associated positively with lymph node metastasis and TNM classification (both p=0.000). Neither CD44v3 nor VEGF-C was found to be associated with patient age, histological differentiation, formation of tumor emboli in lymphoid vessels and FIGO staging. Conclusions: Abnormal expression of CD44v3 and VEGF-C is associated closely with the lymph node metastasis in cervical SCC, and these agents may cooperate in carcinogenesis and development of metastatic lesions
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