CCII-based voltage-mode and current-mode high-order filters with gains and grounded passive elements only

Abstract

Dual output plus-type second-generation current conveyor-based high-order voltage-mode (VM) and current-mode (CM) analog filters with gains are proposed in this manuscript. The proposed VM and CM high-order filters can simultaneously provide low-pass and high-pass responses. Also, if an order of the filter is even, the VM one can realize band-pass response. Both filter circuits do not suffer from any passive element matching problems. Additionally, they are composed of only grounded passive components, suitable for integrated circuit processes. The proposed VM filter has high input impedance, and the CM one possesses high output impedances; thus, both filters can be easily cascaded. Nevertheless, if necessary, VM one needs two voltage followers to obtain low output impedances, and CM one requires one current follower to obtain low input impedance. Non-ideality analyses are included for both filter structures. Many simulations based on the SPICE program and several experiments are realized to affirm the theory.