Abstract

A low-cost data logging platform is presented that provides long-term operation in remote or submerged environments. Three premade “breakout boards” from the open-source Arduino ecosystem are assembled into the core of the data logger. Power optimization techniques are presented which extend the operational life of this module-based design to >1 year on three alkaline AA batteries. Robust underwater housings are constructed for these loggers using PVC fittings. Both the logging platform and the enclosures, are easy to build and modify without specialized tools or a significant background in electronics. This combination turns the Cave Pearl data logger into a generalized prototyping system and this design flexibility is demonstrated with two field studies recording drip rates in a cave and water flow in a flooded cave system. This paper describes a complete DIY solution, suitable for a wide range of challenging deployment conditions.

Highlights

  • The challenges of climate change, resource depletion and urbanization highlight the global need for environmental monitoring systems

  • The analog A0 input pin in this logger plan is used to monitor the main battery via a 3.3 MΩ/10 MΩ voltage divider which reduces the raw battery voltage to 25% of actual so battery via a 3.3 MΩ/10 MΩ voltage divider which reduces the raw battery voltage to 25% of actual that it falls within the analog-to-digital converter (ADC)’s input range

  • 0.8 V level quoted in performance specifications significantly increases the probability of battery leakage, especially when field logistics prevent retrieving the units on schedule

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Summary

Introduction

The challenges of climate change, resource depletion and urbanization highlight the global need for environmental monitoring systems. The cost of commercial instruments is a significant barrier to establishing large monitoring networks, even for well-funded research programs The goal of this open-source project is to develop a robust data logger prototyping system that is inexpensive enough to bring multi-unit sensor deployments within the range of limited research budgets and accessible to those with modest electronics experience. Desirable characteristics for this monitoring platform include:. The housings developed by the project can withstand submersion at depth for extended periods and are a significant innovation that enables users to reconfigure both the enclosure and the electronics to suit specific research questions

Data Logging Platform and Principles of Operation
Arduinos are used because they allow
Arduino
Environmental Housings
REVIEW
Data Logger Software
Power Considerations for Maximum Run-Time
Optimizing
Optimizing Run-Time Power
Current
12 Ω shunt
Conclusion
Nature of the Problem
Drip Counter Construction
Field Deployment
Performance and Validation
Case Study 2—Tracking Water Flow in a Flooded Cave System
Discussion
Findings
Conclusions
Full Text
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