Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the major concern for rapidly growing food sectors including shrimp aquaculture. A total of 2304 heterotrophic bacteria were isolated, categorized and screened for antibiotic resistance. Identification by conventional and molecular methods confirmed the presence of sixteen bacterial genera with the predominance of Vibrio sp. (38.54 %), Bacillus sp. (19.79 %), Tenacibaculum sp. (6.46 %), Halomonas sp. (6.03 %) etc. in the shrimp ponds. The isolates showed highest resistance to oxytetracycline (Vibrio sp. 79.3 %), followed by ciprofloxacin & co-trimoxazole (Exiguobacterium sp. 66.66 %) and chloramphenicol & erythromycin (Microbacterium sp. 50 % & 66.7 %). Overall resistance by all bacteria was highest for oxytetracycline (22 %). Among different bacterial isolates, majority of Vibrio sp. exhibited resistance to all the five antibiotics that varied from 1.4 % to 87.5 % from all the sampling sites (A to L). Among different antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) screened by PCR, the most prevalent was tetA (44 %) followed sul1 (11.8 %). Vibrio sp. and Bacillus sp. showed the presence of all screened ARGs. Shrimp aquaculture ponds harboured antibiotic resistant bacteria and act as a main reservoir of ARGs.
Published Version
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