Abstract
For higher education institutions that encourage digital transformation, understanding the barriers are necessary for the digital transformation accomplishment. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the literature on barriers to digital transformation in higher education. To get a wide overview in identifying the barriers to the implementation of digital transformation, a structured literature review was used to select the relevant studies published. Nine categories were identified based on the literature reviewed: vision, strategy and policy, resources, leadership, digital skill and knowledge, technology, adaptability, resistance to change, and government and economic. Our findings provided a fish-bone diagram that outlines twenty-two barriers to digital transformation in higher education. The main contribution of this study is a synthesis of the state of the art of barriers to digital transformation in higher education. We contribute to provide a common basic understanding of barriers to digital transformation in higher education to overcome barriers for improving the possibility of success. Moreover, we give an insight into future research on barriers exploration
Highlights
The trend of implementing digital transformation in the higher education sector began to be widely discussed in 2017 to respond to the effect of industrial revolution 4.0
The present study identified 22 barriers to be effective digital transformation in the context of higher education based on a literature review on issues with the digital transformation in higher education
They lack the support and skill to form and deciding the most suitable new vision to achieve the success of the implementation of digital transformation is a barrier to the higher education institution [15], [16]
Summary
The trend of implementing digital transformation in the higher education sector began to be widely discussed in 2017 to respond to the effect of industrial revolution 4.0. A study was conducted on the total of 282 higher education institutions in developed and developing countries [1], [2], showing that the majority of their digital transformation journey was still in the initial stage, while others were already about one-third of the digital transformation implementation. It can be concluded that the higher education institutions in many countries have shown their awareness and understanding of the need for a digital transformation. The management of higher education institutions will be greatly helped to complete the higher education strategy by adding innovation to the system management and education program
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