Abstract
Categorical variables may have categories which are naturally ordered called ordinal variables or those that have no natural order called nominal variables. For example, the variable “weight” with categories “small,” “medium,” and “big” is an ordinal variable, so also is the attitudinal variable with categories “agree,” “neutral,” and “disagree.” On the other hand, variables such as “sex” and “color” of flowers which have no natural order are examples of nominal variables. In this chapter, emphasis will be placed on testing the agreement of frequency arising from data from experiments with known distribution (e.g., Poisson and Binomial) and analysis of two-way contingency tables.
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