Abstract
Two series of strontium titanates doped with Ni, Co, or Cu with general formula of SrTi1-xMexO3 for Sr-stoichiometric and Sr0.95Ti1−xMexO3 for Sr-non-stoichiometric materials (where Me = Ni, Co or Cu and x were 0.02 and 0.06) were obtained by the wet chemical method. The samples were calcinated at 900, 950, and 1050 °C and characterized in terms of their structural properties (XRD), the possibility of undergoing the reduction and oxidation reactions (TPR/TPOx), and catalytic properties. All obtained materials were multiphase and although the XRD analysis does not confirm the presence of Ni, Co, and Cu oxides (with one exception for Cu-doped sample), the TPR/TPOx profiles show reduction peaks that can be attributed to the reduction of these oxides which may at first appear in an amorphous form. Catalytic tests in dry reforming of methane reaction showed that the highest catalytic activity was achieved for Ni-doped materials (up to 90% of CH4 conversion) while Co and Cu-doped samples showed only a very slight catalytic effect. Additionally, the decrease in methane conversion with an increasing calcination temperature was observed for Ni-doped strontium titanates.
Highlights
Strontianite (SrCO3, ICCD no. 98-020-2793) in the case of the samples calcined at 950 ◦ C was found, whereas for materials calcined at 900 ◦ C and 1050 ◦ C, its presence was not detected
Two series of materials based on Ni/Co/Cu doped strontium titanate were obtained using the modified sol-gel method
The series differed in the strontium sublattice stoichiometry
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Which is caused by proper doping of the perovskite structure with donor or acceptor elements [1] Such properties are desired in case of anode materials for SOFC technology, which has gained a lot of interest due to its relatively high efficiency and environmental advantages. The combination of SOFC technology and internal dry reforming of methane creates the possibility for the extension of the fuel range and cost reduction and leads to the challenge of creating material that is (in addition to the requirements for SOFC mentioned) catalytically active in the DRM reaction. We wanted to investigate the effect of low nonstoichiometry in the strontium subnetwork on the increase in catalytic activity through the postulated ex-solution process Such a process is based on the reversible introduction and removal of elements from the perovskite structure during oxidation or reduction processes, respectively [17]. The influence of different calcination temperatures (900, 950 and 1050 ◦ C) on both phase composition and catalytic activity towards the DRM reaction was investigated
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