Case Report on Myxedema Coma Associated with End-Stage Cardiac Disease

Abstract

Myxedema coma is a critical disorder with high mortality rates. Disruption of the compensatory mechanism for severe and long-term hypothyroidism by various causes leads to serious complications, including hypothermia, respiratory failure, circulatory failure, and central nervous system dysfunction. The most common causes of myxedema coma are thought to include infectious disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, sedative medicines, exposure to the cold and surgery in patients with poorly controlled hypothyroidism. We present a case of an 82-year-old female presented with complaints of loss of speech for 3 days, complaint of easy fatiguability for 3 days, altered sensorium since 1 day, weakness of both upper and lower limbs for 3 days and the patient attenders complaint of that patient is not taking food and difficult in swallowing since 3 days. In spite of the foregoing, patients with decreased mental status who have undergone thyroid surgery or hypothyroidism should be evaluated for myxedema coma. Additionally, this condition may be caused on by chronic hypothyroidism or by experiencing acute precipitating events like sepsis, a cerebrovascular accident, gastrointestinal bleeding, exposure to cold, trauma, or taking certain medications. A high mortality rate was noted, so patients whose myxedema coma is suspected should start receiving treatment right away.