Case report of staghorn calculus in a pediatric patient

Isadora E Silva,Gabriela C Abreu,Cinthia A C Leandro,Wagner M Moura,Débora C Cerqueira

doi:10.5935/1676-2444.20190022

Isadora E Silva, Gabriela C Abreu + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20190022

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Abstract

ABSTRACT This article reports a case of large volume asymptomatic staghorn calculus, and a brief revision of this rare pathology is done. A two-yearold male patient was diagnosed with staghorn calculus and hydronephrosis in the left kidney. The patient underwent surgical therapy with pyelolithotomy, pyeloplasty and placement of a double-J catheter, without complications. Staghorn calculi occupy the pelvis and renal calyces. Their incidence in children is lower than in adults. The average age at diagnosis is between 7 and 10 years. The etiology for calculi is diverse; in children under 4 years, it is especially related with infectious factors and hydronephrosis. The standard procedure for treatment is percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Highlights

Staghorn calculi are a specific type of lithiasis in which the calculus occupies the pelvis and renal calyces, taking the form of a corals[1, 2]
Staghorn nephrolithiasis characterizes as a disease of rapid growth that, if not treated, will possibly evolve to destruction of the affected kidney and sepsis[2, 5]
In the distal mid third of the left kidney, we identified the presence of confluent hyperechogenic structures, which caused posterior acoustic shadowing, generating segmental dilatations of calyceal structures

Summary

Relato de caso de cálculo coraliforme em paciente pediátrico

Staghorn calculi occupy the pelvis and renal calyces. Their incidence in children is lower than in adults. Este relato ilustra um caso de cálculo do tipo coraliforme de grande volume, assintomático, acompanhado de uma revisão dessa grave patologia. Relatamos o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, dois anos de idade, diagnosticado com cálculo coraliforme e hidronefrose em rim esquerdo. Cálculo renal coraliforme ocupa a pelve e os cálices renais. A etiologia é ampla; em menores de 4 anos, relaciona-se especialmente com fatores infecciosos e hidronefrose. Reportamos el caso de un paciente masculino, de dos años de edad, diagnosticado con cálculo coraliforme e hidronefrosis en riñón izquierdo. El cálculo coraliforme ocupa la pelvis y los cálices renales. La etiología es diversa; en menores de 4 años, se refiere específicamente a factores infecciosos e hidronefrosis.

Introduction

Report of the clinical case

Findings

Discussion