Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oils of aerial parts of Artemisia campestris ssp. campestris, collected from ten different locations in Lithuania is detailed in this paper. The major component in all the oils was caryophyllene oxide (8.5-38.8%), whereas compounds with the caryophyllane skeleton ranged from 10.2 to 44.5%. Other representative constituents were germacrene D (< or = 15.0%), humulene epoxide II (< or = 8.1%), beta-ylangene (< or = 7.7%), spathulenol (< or = 6.8%), beta-elemene (< or = 6.8%), beta-caryophyllene (< or = 6.2%), junenol (< or = 6.1%) and alpha- or beta-pinene (< or = 5.5%). Eighty-seven compounds were identified, comprising 73.6-92.3% of the oils. The chemical composition was highly variable depending on the sample location. Toxicity of A. campestris oils was determined using the brine shrimp (Artemia sp.) assay. LC50 values ranging to 20 microg/mL were obtained for three of the oils after 24 hours of exposure. Data of this test revealed that A. campestris ssp. campestris essential oils with dominant caryophyllene oxide are notably toxic.
Highlights
Artemisia is one of the largest and most widely distributed genus of the Asteraceae
A. campestris, commonly known as field wormwood or field sagewort, is a perennial plant that is found in temperate regions throughout the northern hemisphere
Even for the same subspecies, i.e. A. campestris ssp. glutinosa, oil compositions varied from one study to another [2,3,4,5,12]
Summary
Caryophyllene Oxide-rich Essential Oils of Lithuanian Artemisia campestris ssp. campestris and Their Toxicity. Caryophyllene Oxide-rich Essential Oils of Lithuanian Artemisia campestris ssp. The chemical composition of the essential oils of aerial parts of Artemisia campestris ssp. Previous studies of the chemical composition of essential oils of A. campestris from different countries gave contrasting results (Table 1, [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]). Variation in the essential oil composition may occur depending on the phenological stage. This parameter was not always specified in the previous reports. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition and toxicity of the essential oils from the aerial parts of A. campestris ssp. Organ not specified ssp. glutinosa flowers and leaves ssp. glutinosa aerial parts ssp. glutinosa even if ns ssp. campestris and borealis aerial parts aerial parts ssp. maritima Archangelis* ns aerial parts ? leaf
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