Carvacrol attenuates amikacin-induced nephrotoxicity in the rats

Abstract

Abstract Amikacin (AK) is a wide-spectrum antibiotic routinely used in the treatment of gram-negative and some gram-positive bacterial infections. However, its use is limited due to its potential to cause nephrotoxicity due to increase in reactive oxygen radicals. The main goal of the study was to investigate the role of carvacrol (CAR) against AK-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Thirty-two Sprague Dawley rats were randomly separated into four groups as control (Vehicle), AK (400 mg/kg), CAR+AK (80 mg/kg CAR+400 mg/kg AK), and AK+CAR (400 mg/kg AK+80 mg/kg CAR) groups. AK and CAR were administered via intramuscular and per-oral for 7 days, respectively. Blood and kidney tissue samples were collected at the end of the experiment. Relevant parameters of oxidative stress and inflammation were detected while comparing renal function and histopathological changes. Histopathological findings (necrotic changes and dilatation and inflammatory cell infiltration) were significantly increased in the AK group in compare to the control group. Also, significantly weight lost was detected in the rats AK group. The finding that CAR treatment, both before and after AK administration, significantly improved nephrotoxicity histopathologically (p