Cartographic support of the realities of conservation of biotic and landscape diversity of national natural parks

Abstract

Problem formulation. In the context of a comprehensive and constant increasing in anthropogenic pressure on the environment, a special role in the preservation of biotic and landscape diversity is assigned to national natural parks (NNP). For organization of large amounts of accumulated factual and theoretical information, the environmental institutions of this level, especially in the management of these conservation areas, are particularly important cartographic materials. In this case, cartographic materials can be used as a methodological basis for territorial-spatial data and the most effective means of research. There is an obvious need to analyze the approaches to the assessment of environmental mapping, in particular, the definition of the mapping features of a particular nature reserve with a generalization and systematization of experience creating maps. These created maps can serve as a kind of information space and NNP tool, depending on the research topic. The purpose of the article is to analyze, develop and substantiate the cartographic support of the activities of the territory of Karmelyukove Podillia National Park as the basis for creating a highly effective information space for solving the problems of its sustainable development. Methodology and materials. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study, first of all, is as general scientific provisions on the universal interconnection and interdependence of objects and phenomena in nature and society. In addition, the latest geoinformation approaches and statistical methods for processing data from space-time analysis were used. The development of a large-scale mapping methodology was based on the author's personal research during 1998-2020. Results. On the example of Karmelyukove Podillia National Park the data of the cartographic support of the NNP were summarized and systematized throughout the entire period of the study of this territory. The structure of the system of cartographic information for planning and conducting rational use of natural resources in the conditions of an environmental institution has been developed and presented. The reasons for the ineffective formation and use of environmental cartographic information "Karmelyukove Podillya" with the definition of ways of its optimization are determined. The demand for the maps of assessment, forecast, recommendation and advertising content is grounded. It is proposed to use the landscape approach and modern GIS technologies as the means for solving the problems of natural resource management and planning of natural resource use by NNP. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a complex of studies of cartographic support of Karmelyukove Podillia National Park was performed and the structure of a cartographic information system for planning and organizing rational environmental management was presented. An original cartographic database on NNP has been created, which has been formed over the past 30 years. Practical meaning. The formed existing cartographic information base has a great potential for assessing and monitoring landscape and biotic diversity and various nature conservation and recreational activities within the territory of the NNP. At the same time, the cartographic information base can be used as a basic for the formation of multi-scale GIS. It can be used for further scientific developments, maintaining a Record and Cadaster of NNP and implementing of environmental protection measures.