Carpal tunnel syndrome

Abstract

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a well-known, most commonly diagnosed compressive neuropathy and makes up 90% of all neuropathies and is present in the general population at the rate of 3.8%. It is caused by median nerve (MN) damage in the area of the carpal tunnel, restricted by the carpal bones and the transverse carpal ligament. CTS is classified as idiopathic and secondary. Pathogenesis of CTS is complex and includes compression and traction of MN in the carpal tunnel area, and is still not fully clarified. Many clinical tests, electromyoneurography, ultrasonic diagnostics and magnetic resonance imaging are used in diagnostics of CTS. The treatment of CTS can be conservative and surgical. Conservative treatment is recommended for patients with mild to moderate levels, while surgical treatment (MN decompression) is performed in patients with severe impairment. The aim of this review is to show the latest findings related to that clinical syndrome, and to motivate clinicians to speed up diagnosis and treatment. The findings 2are based on the latest results of system reviews and meta-analysis.