Cardiovascular risk independently predicts small functional bladder storage capacity.

Abstract

We aimed to determine the potential relationship between atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) score, which equates to 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events, and functional bladder capacity (FBC) among men in the outpatient urology setting. We secondarily analyzed voiding diaries from men aged 40 to 79years with nocturia. Patients with a history of cardiovascular disease or who had nocturnal polyuria were excluded. Patients were stratified by whether they met the high-risk ASCVD threshold (≥ 20%) following current cardiology consensus guidelines and assessed for the presence of small FBC (24-h maximum voided volume ≤ 200ml). Logistic regression analyses were employed to explore associations between small FBC and ASCVD. Eighty-four men (median ASCVD score 18.4 [IQR 12.8-26.9] %, age 66 [61-71] years, body mass index [BMI] 29.4 [26.4-32.7] kg/m2) were included, of whom 36 (42.9%) were high-risk and 48 (57.1%) fell below the high-risk threshold. High-risk patients were more likely to have small FBC (23 [63.9%] vs. 14 [29.2%], p = 0.002). ASCVD risk predicted small FBC on univariate analysis (p = 0.002). No such effect was observed with age (p = 0.116), BMI (p = 0.523), or benign prostatic obstruction (p = 0.180). The association between ASCVD risk and small FBC persisted on multivariate analysis after controlling for BMI and benign prostatic obstruction (p = 0.002). No significant predictors of small FBC were observed when age, a major determinant of ASCVD risk and independent correlate of small FBC, was substituted for ASCVD score (p = 0.108). Small FBC is related to a higher predicted cardiovascular event rate in men with nocturia.