Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in patients with cardiac devices : Useful tool or just artifacts?

Abstract

Cardiac magnetic resonance tomography (CMR) in patients with implanted cardiac devices is achallenge. This is due to artifacts that can occur in the presence of metallic implants such as device leads and generators and can ultimately lead to impaired or non-diagnostic images. Preliminary studies indicate that by employing newly developed MRI sequences together with well-established sequences, these problems can be mitigated. To aid in daily routine, an adaptive imaging workflow has been proposed which allows for tailored image acquisition.