Abstract
The cardiovascular system is frequently improved in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). The clinical picture, however, may be dominated by intercurrent infections, hepatosplenomegaly, interstitial lung disease malnutrition and anemia, thus the cardiovascular involvement may be occult. Early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease permpits prompt intervention, which delays and possibly prevents complications such as progressive left ventricular dysfunction. Therefore, routine serial monitoring of left ventricular function with echocardiography is advised in HIV-infected children, allowing early identification and successful treatment of many patients with heart failure in whom the clinical picture may be erroneously attributed softly in pulmonary disease or intercurrent infection. Identification of the mechanism of arrthythmias caused by myocarditis inflammation of the conduction system, electrolyte abnormalities, and complications from drug therapy (eg, prolonged QTc from pentamidine therapy) allows institution of prompt therapy and possible prevention of cardiorespiratioy arrest.
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