Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study is to investigate the independent and joint effects of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body mass index (BMI) on cancer mortality in a low body mass index population.MethodsWe evaluated CRF and BMI in relation to cancer mortality in 8760 Japanese men. The median BMI was 22.6 kg/m2 (IQR: 21.0-24.3). The mean follow-up period was more than 20 years. Hazard ratios and 95% CI were obtained using a Cox proportional hazards model while adjusting for several confounding factors.ResultsUsing the 2nd tertile of BMI (21.6-23.6 kg/m2) as reference, hazard ratios and 95% CI for the lowest tertile of BMI (18.5-21.5) were 1.26 (0.87–1.81), and 0.92 (0.64–1.34) for the highest tertile (23.7-37.4). Using the lowest tertile of CRF as reference, hazard ratios and 95% CIs for 2nd and highest tertiles of CRF were 0.78 (0.55–1.10) and 0.59 (0.40–0.88). We further calculated hazard ratios according to groups of men cross-tabulated by tertiles of CRF and BMI. Among men in the second tertile of BMI, those belonging to the lowest CRF tertile had a 53% lower risk of cancer mortality compared to those in the lowest CRF tertile (hazard ratio: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.23-0.97). Among those in the highest BMI tertile, the corresponding hazard ratio was 0.54 (0.25-1.17).ConclusionThese results suggest that high CRF is associated with lower cancer mortality in a Japanese population of men with low average BMI.
Highlights
The aim of this study is to investigate the independent and joint effects of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body mass index (BMI) on cancer mortality in a low body mass index population
We hypothesized that higher CRF and moderate BMI would each be associated with lower cancer mortality risk, independent of the other factor, and that the lowest risk would occur among individuals in the joint group of highest CRF and moderate BMI
People who were diagnosed as having cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, gastrointestinal disease, and tuberculosis based on the baseline health examination between 1982 and 1988 (n = 1162) were excluded from the present study to prevent the influence of these diseases and medication use on the assessment of CRF
Summary
The aim of this study is to investigate the independent and joint effects of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body mass index (BMI) on cancer mortality in a low body mass index population. We Further, some studies have shown that high BMI is an independent risk factor of cancer mortality, higher levels of CRF are associated with lower cancer mortality among those with a high BMI [11,12,17]. These studies comprised North American participants, who have some of the highest BMI levels in the world and are primarily non-Hispanic white individuals. We intend to extend our previous study, which investigated CRF and cancer mortality, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the joint effects of CRF and BMI on cancer mortality among a Japanese male population with low average BMI
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