Abstract
Although cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has simplified open heart surgery, it causes adverse effects on the body’s systems. This study aims to report the complications related to CPB at the Cardiac Surgery Center of the University Hospital in Dakar (Senegal). This is a retrospective analytical and descriptive study covering a 24 months period (from January 2015 to December 2016). All adult and children patients who underwent open heart surgery using CPB machines were included in this study. 193 patients were eligible during this study’s period. Patients' mean age was 23 ± 15 years (range, 2–65), and 52% were female patients. Two complications were observed during CPB. One case of hemolysis and one case of an impossible weaning from CPB. Post-CPB complications were allocated as follows: hematological complications (88.5%) followed by cardiovascular (56%), pleuropulmonary (22.4%), septicemia (4%), renal (3%), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (2%) and neurologic (1%) complications. The overall hospital mortality was 5%. One (1) patient died intra operatively and nine (9) patients in the intensive care unit. The morbidity and mortality related to CPB in our cardiac surgery center is superimposed to those of the literature.
Highlights
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a blood circulation external derivation technique during which the cardiac and pulmonary functions are temporarily assured by a mechanical system connected to the vascular system of the patient
The aim of this study is to report the complications related to CPB at the Cardiac Surgery Center of the University Hospital of Fann in Dakar (Senegal)
The second complication was an impossible weaning from CPB
Summary
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a blood circulation external derivation technique during which the cardiac and pulmonary functions are temporarily assured by a mechanical system connected to the vascular system of the patient. The CPB is the machine that allows surgeons to operate on a nonmoving, bloodless heart. The first successful series of open-heart surgery utilizing CPB machines occurred in 1953 by John Gibbon [1]. Throughout the world, the use of the CPB machine during cardiac surgery has become a widely employed practice. Open heart surgery (OHS) has only recently been introduced in Africa; in Sub-Saharan Africa, it started in the 70’s. The first OHS in the West African sub region was performed in Nigeria in 1974; in Senegal, it was performed 1996. The first OHS in the West African sub region was performed in Nigeria in 1974; in Senegal, it was performed 1996. [2, 3]
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