Cardioprotective Activity of Pongamia pinnata in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Rats.

Sachin L. Badole,Ganesh B. Jangam,Subhash L. Bodhankar,Amit D. Kandhare,Swapnil M. Chaudhari

doi:10.1155/2015/403291

Sachin L. Badole, Ganesh B. Jangam + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/403291

Copy DOI

Abstract

Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment for diabetes and metabolic disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of petroleum ether extract of the stem bark of P. pinnata (known as PPSB-PEE) on cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in overnight fasted Sprague-Dawley rats by using injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, i.p.). Nicotinamide (100 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered 20 min before administration of streptozotocin. Rats were divided into group I: nondiabetic, group II: diabetic control (tween 80, 2%; 10 mL/kg, p.o.) as vehicle, and group III: PPSB-PEE (100 mg/kg, p.o.). The blood glucose level, ECG, hemodynamic parameters, cardiotoxic and antioxidant biomarkers, and histology of heart were carried out after 4 months after STZ with nicotinamide injection. PPSB-PEE treatment improved the electrocardiographic, hemodynamic changes; LV contractile function; biological markers; oxidative stress parameters; and histological changes in STZ induced diabetic rats. PPSB-PEE (100 mg/kg, p.o.) decreased blood glucose level, improved electrocardiographic parameters (QRS, QT, and QTc intervals) and hemodynamic parameters (SBP, DBP, EDP, max dP/dt, contractility index, and heart rate), controlled levels of cardiac biomarkers (CK-MB, LDH, and AST), and improved oxidative stress (SOD, MDA, and GSH) in diabetic rats. PPSB-PEE is a promising remedy against cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats.

Highlights

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is defined as the changes induced by diabetes mellitus in cardiac structure/function in the absence of ischemic heart disease, hypertension, or other cardiac pathologies [1]
We reported that petroleum (PPSB-PEE) and alcoholic extract (PPSB-advanced lipoxidation end-products (ALE)) of the stem bark of P. pinnata (L.) showed
We observed that diabetic control group was significantly (p < 0.001) increased in blood glucose level compared to normal control group

Summary

Introduction

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is defined as the changes induced by diabetes mellitus in cardiac structure/function in the absence of ischemic heart disease, hypertension, or other cardiac pathologies [1]. Diastolic and systolic dysfunctions are mainly altered apart from traditional cardiac risks parameters such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and dyslipidemia [3]. Diabetic patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and these are the major cause of death in them [4, 5]. Cardiomyopathy is a prevalent cause of death in patients with diabetes [6]. The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus is forecast to reach 300 million by 2025, and over three quarters of the deaths amongst this population will be expected to result from cardiovascular disease [8]. Individuals with diabetes are at a significantly greater risk of developing both microand macrovascular disease and have a cardiac mortality equivalent to that in nondiabetic patients with confirmed heart disease [9]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion