Abstract
Background:Selenium is an essential micronutrient for the human body because it is needed for the synthesis of selenoproteins, which have various biological functions. As a result, selenium deficiency associated with diets and/or environments manifests in different disease states such as epilepsy, multiminicore disease and cardiovascular injury which in some cases is a presage of cardiomyopathy.Objective:This objective was to review published cases and identify selenium-responsive cardiomyopathy due to selenium deficiency by various factors.Methods:Published case reports in English were identified and extracted from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Science Direct Library.Results:28 case reports met inclusion criteria out of an initial 189 articles.Conclusion:Acquired selenium deficiency is a causative factor for the development of cardiomyopathy in patients under different conditions, and treatment of these patients with selenium is effective in normalizing cardiac function or reducing cardiac dysfunction. Thus, it is important to include selenium deficiency as a possible cause of cardiomyopathy for diagnosis and treatment purposes.
Highlights
Acquired selenium deficiency is a causative factor for the development of cardiomyopathy in patients under different conditions, and treatment of these patients with selenium is effective in normalizing cardiac function or reducing cardiac dysfunction
Selenium is an essential micronutrient for the human body [1] since it is required for the synthesis of selenocysteine (Sec), which is needed for the synthesis of selenoproteins
One study showed that 38% children in the study who had been placed on ketogenic diet for three months experienced a reduction in seizures by over 50% compared to 6% in the control group [43]
Summary
Selenium is an essential micronutrient for the human body [1] since it is required for the synthesis of selenocysteine (Sec), which is needed for the synthesis of selenoproteins. Selenoproteins have important pleiotropic biological activities including antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and deiodinase activity (which is required for the synthesis of active thyroid hormone) [2]. The process of selenoprotein synthesis involves numerous steps. It begins with serylation of tRNASec by seryl-tRNA synthetase to yield seryl-tRNASec. The seryl-tRNASec is phosphorylated by a phosphoseryl-tRNASec kinase to yield phosphoseryl(Sep)-tRNASec. The Sec-tRNASec is synthesized by Sep-tRNA:Sec-. Selenium is an essential micronutrient for the human body because it is needed for the synthesis of selenoproteins, which have various biological functions. Selenium deficiency associated with diets and/or environments manifests in different disease states such as epilepsy, multiminicore disease and cardiovascular injury which in some cases is a presage of cardiomyopathy
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