Abstract
Both aging and obesity are related to dysregulated immune function and increased risk of infection and chronic non‐infectious diseases. Dietary lipids are known to impact immune responses and cardiometabolic risk factors. We determined effect of replacing oils used in a typical American diet with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) for 3 mo on immune and inflammatory responses and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese older adults. Forty‐one participants (aged 蠅65) who consumed a typical American diet were randomized into the control (CON, n=21) group to consume a mixture of corn, soybean oil and butter, and the olive oil (OO, n=20) group to consume EVOO to replace substitutable oils in their diet. At baseline and 3 mo, we measured cardiometabolic, and in vivo and ex vivo immunologic parameters. Compared to the CON group, the OO group showed decreased systolic blood pressure (P < 0.05), a strong trend toward increased plasma HDL‐C concentrations (P = 0.06), and increased T cell proliferative response (P < 0.05). No differences were found in T cell phenotype, cytokine production, and delayed‐type hypersensitivity skin response between the two groups. Our results indicate that substitution of oils used in a typical American diet with EVOO in overweight and obese older adults may have cardiometabolic and immunological health benefits.
Highlights
Olive oil, which is part of the Mediterranean diet (Meddiet), has been shown to have several health benefits including a capacity to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, and certain forms of cancer
Our results indicate that substitution of oils used in a typical American diet with extra virgin olive oil in overweight and obese older adults may have cardio-metabolic and immunological health benefits
Assessment of dietary and macronutrients intake The average amount of study oil and spread consumption was similar in the CON and the Olive oil (OO) group (Table 2)
Summary
Olive oil, which is part of the Mediterranean diet (Meddiet), has been shown to have several health benefits including a capacity to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, and certain forms of cancer. It is well known that aging is associated with dysregulated immune function and increased susceptibility to infectious diseases as well as higher incidence of noninfectious diseases such as CVD, dementia, arthritis, diabetes, cancer, and autoimmune disorders [5, 6] Changes in both cell-mediated immunity and inflammatory responses have been reported with aging. The decline in T cell-mediated function is attributed somewhat to phenotypic changes in lymphocytes [15,16,17], decline in IL-2 production [18] and increase in production of T cell suppressive eicosanoids [19, 20] Both aging and obesity are related to dysregulated immune function, which may be responsible for increased risk of infection and chronic non-infectious diseases. No information on the impact of olive oil on immune responses of overweight and obese older adults is available
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
