Cardiac Rehabilitation in Wellington: Influence of a Comprehensive Exercise-Based 12-week Course on Key Indicators (2017–2019)

Abstract

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs are delivered in various ways throughout New Zealand. HeartWorks aligns with current international World Health Organization guidelines for CR. The presented study evaluated the outcomes of a 12-week CR program on key indicators. Method: Patients participating in HeartWorks CR from the 1 January 2017 to 1 January 2019 were prospectively enrolled. Entry assessment criteria for rehabilitation included key indicators that were measured throughout the program. Generally, referrals were made by either a Cardiologist or General Practitioner. Results: Sixty-six patients started the HeartWorks CR program and 10.6% failed to complete; 18% of all patients were female; median age was 59 years (IQR, 51–68). Main indications were coronary disease (64%), heart failure (18%), and arrhythmias (11%). Participants completed an average of 42 exercise sessions (IQR, 24–57). After the 12-week CR program, left ventricular ejection fraction increased by 7.5% (p = 0.007), systolic blood pressure dropped by 8.4 mmHg (p < 0.0001), with further significant changes in weight, flexibility, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and VO2 submax (all p < 0.01). Women achieved a significantly higher increase in VO2 submax (change, 16 vs 9.5 mL/min/kg; p = 0.003). Conclusion: While the data are largely descriptive and lack a control group, they confirm the effectiveness of an advanced CR protocol through a range of indicators. Findings were consistent throughout indication groups. Reporting and comprehensive documentation of improvements and changes in patient physiological status are highly valuable for quality patient care. Overall, the health benefits of completing a comprehensive 12-week exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program showed positive outcomes across the majority of measured points.